টোকোৰা

টোকোৰা (Black-throated Weaver, বৈজ্ঞানিক নাম-Ploceus benghalensis) ভাৰতৰ নদীকাষৰীয়া সমতল ভূমিত দেখা পোৱা এবিধ সৰু আকাৰৰ চৰাইৰ প্ৰজাতি (জীৱবিদ্যা)। ইহঁতক ঘাইকৈ প্ৰজননৰ সময়ত সঁজা চকুত লগা বিশেষধৰণৰ বাহৰ বাবে জনা যায়।

বিৱৰণ

টোকোৰা চৰাইৰ দেহৰ আকাৰ প্ৰায় ১৫ ছে:মি:। Appearance: Male in breeding plumage has brilliant golden-yellow crown, white throat and a black band separating it from the fulvous-white underparts. In non-breeding male and female, crown brown like rest of upper plumage; black pectoral band less developed. A prominent supercilium, a spot behind ear, and narrow moustachial streaks, pale yellow. Flocks about cultivation and around reedy margins of tanks and jheels (shallow lakes), or extensive tall grass areas.^১

বিতৰণ

Resident or local migrant, endemic to South Asia. Species is described as 'common' in at least parts of its range.^২

From Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to Indus Valley in পাকিস্তান to the Gangetic Plains of northern ভাৰত, to অসম and the Northeast and বাংলাদেশ; commonly seen in the Himalayan Terai; patchy to the south in গুজৰাট and অন্ধ্ৰপ্ৰদেশ.

আচৰণ

Polygynous; colonial; on the whole similar to those of the Baya and Streaked Weavers.

প্ৰজনন

Courtship: Male constructs the nest single-handedly, with a group of females visiting it during late construction stage, jumping on the helmets and tugging and testing, presumably for strength. If a female appears interested, the male bows low before her, presenting golden crown at her. Flaps wings deliberately and sings softly tsi-tsisik-tsisik-tsik-tsik like chirp of cricket or subdued squeaking of unoiled bicycle wheel. Once female agrees and permits copulation, he quickly finishes the rest of the nest, and she lays eggs inside; he immediately commences on a second nest nearby to attract other females, and occasionally a third, very rarely even a fourth. Nests not accepted by females may be torn down by the builder himself.^৩

• Season: June to September

• Nest: Similar to the Streaked Weaver; somewhat smaller and normally with shorter entrance tubes. Built in reed-beds in marsh, often moonj or kans (কঁহুৱা বন), with some of the growing reeds incorporated into the dome as support. Entrance tube is somewhat shorter than Baya weavers (up to about 25 cm). At the 'helmet' stage of construction a quantity of wet mud or Cowdung is daubed thickly along the edge, with bright coloured scarlet or orange flowers or flower petals (Lantana, Lagerstroemia) incorporated; observations suggest that this is part of the courtship rituals and exercise a direct influence on the reactions of the visiting female, both for this species and the Streaked Weaver.^৩
• Colony: Singly or in scattered groups of 4 or 5; sometimes larger colonies.
• Eggs: 3 or 4, white, indistinguishable from those of the other two weavers.